History

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Historical riches in Bodrum

Cevat Sakir Kabaagaçli
Cevat Sakir Kabaagaçli

“Do not think that you will go as you came, it was the same with those who came before you, they left, but their thoughts were always in Bodrum …” These words were written by the fisherman from Halikarnas, Cevat Sakir Kabaagaçli , for Bodrum.

No place within the tourist regions of Turkey has such a different image as Bodrum. And there is a different Bodrum for everyone. So let’s start with the Bodrum of the fisherman from Halikarnas, who made the place known in Turkey and around the world: “In the old days the houses were built high on the hills for defense purposes, but they were not called” house ” “but” castle “.

Bodrum St Nikolaus
St Nikolaus Kirche

But because of the longing for the sea, the desire for the blue they could not stay in their traditional places. With wooden patina, which smelled of fir, they have rushed down the slope and have strung along the crunching pebbles of two bays. Those who had to stay in the back rows stood on the tips of their feet and could look over the shoulders of their siblings at the sea. Some brave houses dived into the sea, became boats, laughed with the waves, and mocked their anxious siblings on the mainland. Exactly for this reason exists between the boats and the houses, and also with the Mandarin gardens a familiar relationship. The boats that were fed up with the sea turned to houses or a Mandarin garden. “This can not have experienced Bodrum and may not know it to those who have never come to Bodrum, but like a lie story Believe it has happened exactly as Cevat Sakir has said, Bodrum is one of Turkey’s most talked-about holiday areas, and it is here that the fishermen from Halikarnas, who made Bodrum famous, and also intellectuals, have a love for it for Bodrum, as well as many writers and artists who settled in Bodrum, where they spent a large part of the year or settled there forever, many stories and novels by important writers such as Selim Ileri and Vedat Türkali play in Bodrum. With increasing celebrity, more and more people came to Bodrum and so it is one of the places where you can tell a well-known poet, Sc mayor or painter happen to encounter on the street. But, of course, the fame of Bodrum does not find its sole reason in it. The long-range sponge-fishermen, the captains and fishermen who fell in love with the sea, the whitewashed houses, the purple begonias that writhe around the walls of the houses, the crystal-clear bays in its surroundings and, above all, the nights that last until daybreak as well as their share of the celebrity of this place.Bodrum is not only a place to relax, but he certainly enriches the holiday with a lot of pleasure.

Bodrum Stadt um 1950
Bodrum Stadt um 1950

During the holiday, the day in Bodrum is divided into two halves: During the day you go swimming in one of the deep blue bays in the sea, leaving your body to the heat of the shining sun, which means you are recovering and preparing for the evening. At sunset, when the stars begin to decorate the sky, the call of another life rings out before you can not close your ears. This is the call of the nights of Bodrum. Who can resist the call of friendship, dreams and love? Also, when a full moon adorns the sky? The restaurants along the coast, in the villages and coves of the area, in the streets along which whitewashed houses line up, and on the heights, stand ready for the night. The fish, caught with a fishing rod or stuck in the net of the master fisherman, are in the fridge: giant perch, stuffed shells, squid and certainly octopod! If the raki plates are covered in Bodrum, the okotopod salad is an indispensable condition. You do not know, it’s because of the octopus or because of the master chefs who prepare it, but he must never be missed. In Bodrum, everyone will find a place for the evening that suits their own tastes. There are fish restaurants and pizzerias, bars with Turkish music and rock. In the streets Barlar Sokagi, Cumhuriyet Caddesi, Neyzen Tevfik Caddesi and Azmakbasi, in short, in every place, you will find bars and pubs – the choice is yours.

In Bodrum, there is not only sun and sea, not only dazzling nights. The city boasts a history that spans more than 3,000 years. The historian Herodotus reports that in the years 1 000 BC. was founded by the Dorians at the place where the fortress stands today. At that time, the area was not on the mainland, but on an island. Halicarnassus has its most luminous epoch in the 4th century BC. experienced. Under the 24-year reign of the Mausolos, who made the city the capital of Caria, the construction of the monumental mausoleum, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, of which today only the foundations have been preserved, has begun.

Mausoleum von König Mausolos
Mausoleum von König Mausolos

After his death, Artemisia II, who was both the wife and sister of Mausolos, continued to build the tomb. But even until her death, it could not be completed and thus completed, set to her own possibilities, the builders themselves the monument. A perfect, 42 m high work was created, with a temple part in the ionic style, which was lined by 36 columns; above him a 24-level pyramid and at the top stood the statues of Mausolus and Artemisia in a horse-drawn carriage. The statues and some reliefs are on display today in the British Museum. However, they were not stolen, but brought there with the permission of the Padischahs. After the death of Artemisia II Idrius took her place, followed by the Princess Ada. She was dethroned by her younger brother, but Alexander the Great, who killed the city in 334 BC. conquered, raised them again to the throne (we will visit the Princess Ada in the fortress of Bodrum). After Alexander the Great, Lysimakhos took over in 301 BC. the rule over the region, followed by Ptolemy. In 189 BC The region was incorporated into the Kingdom of Rhodes, in 167 BC. the Kingdom of Bergama. In the 4th century AD, in the time of the Karians, Piskoposluk gained a central position. The Principality of Mentese took over the rule of the region in 1274, which became part of the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Suleiman the Great. Because the entire ancient city is located under the present settlement, there are hardly any remains. On the hill next to the main road, which passes by the upper side of Bodrum, is the theater, which was also built in the time of Mausolos and has since been restored. Part of the city walls can be seen at the Myndos gate on the road to Gumbet. The fortress, which can be considered as the symbol of the city, was built as it is today on behalf of Sultan Çelebi Mehmet by the St. Peter Knights. In 1402 the construction of the fortress started, and over time some parts were added. Stones of the mausoleum destroyed by an earthquake were used in the construction of the fortress. According to their design, the towers of the fortress are called French, Italian, German, Spanish and English tower. The fortress now serves as a museum and houses the first and only underwater museum in Turkey.

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